Dementia is defined as the chronic, and often progressive, impairment of memory, cognitive ability and ability to perform normal, daily tasks. The World Health Organization estimates that the number of people with dementia worldwide is about 47.5 million. This number is expected to grow, both in the United States and around the world, as the population ages. Memory loss is not necessarily a part of normal aging, and individuals with memory problems may not have a diagnosed dementia condition. Medications and other circumstances can produce symptoms of memory loss. Individuals with memory problems need specialized care that takes into account their changing needs over time.
Signs of Memory Problems in the Elderly
A number of signs and symptoms can indicate that your aging parent or loved one is experiencing memory problems or dementia:
- Problems with speech or understanding language
- Problems with concentration and staying focused
- Misplacing objected, retracing steps
- Poor judgment
- Visual problems
- Forgetting names, appointments, medications or other important matters
- Mood or personality changes, isolation
Unique Needs of Those with Memory Problems
Individuals who have memory problems often have varying degrees of functionality. In the early stages, these individuals may be able to take care of their own grooming, dressing, bathing and feeding needs. They may only require assistance with medications, financial arrangements or other daily needs. Alzheimer’s patients may experience progressive changes in their ability to care for themselves, and may eventually need more prompting to do daily self-care tasks. Some individuals eventually need 24/7 supervision and extensive help with daily care. However, Alzheimer’s disease is just one form of dementia. Other dementia patients may be fully cognizant of themselves and their surroundings, but may need occasional supervision or assistance.
Elements of Good Memory Care for Seniors
A good memory care facility or home care service should incorporate a number of features that serve seniors with memory problems:
- Days should be structured so that individuals are not upset by unusual events and scheduling.
- Staff members should be trained in the problems facing individuals with memory problems so they can be alert to changes that may require additional care.
- The facility or service should offer enjoyable activities on a regular basis so that individuals can participate comfortably.
- Individuals with memory problems must be carefully monitored for health issues that they may not be able to recognize or for which they may not be able to provide self-care.
- Facilities and services should be ready to provide additional care as the individual’s condition changes, such as minimal supervision in the early stages, but also more extensive monitoring as the condition advances.
- Facilities and services should provide social interaction to the degree that the individual is able to enjoy.
- Safety is special concern for individuals with memory problems, and safeguards should be in place to prevent wandering or other hazardous behavior.
If you or loved one needs memory care for seniors, contact your family physician to discuss your options for extended, experienced, compassionate assistance.